Government
Main article: Politics of Iran’s political system of the Islamic Republic’s constitution is based on 1979. The system comprises several intricately connected bodies. Iran’s Supreme Leader is responsible for the delineation and supervision of the general policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In the absence of the Leader, appointing a council of religious leaders. The Leader is “commander-in-chief of the armed forces and controlled intelligence operations and security of the Islamic Republic. He has in itself the authority to declare war and the power to appoint and dismiss judicial leaders, the networks of state radio and television and the top leader of the Guards Corps of the Islamic Republic . appoints six of the twelve-member Guardian Council. He and the council of religious leaders, are elected by the Assembly of Experts, based on their grades and the high popular esteem that they profess.Following the Leader, the President of the Republic is the country’s highest official. is responsible for the Constitution is obeyed. It is also the chief executive. It should be noted that unlike what happened in other countries, not the head of the Armed Forces. By law, all presidential candidates must be approved by the Guardian Council before formalizing his candidacy. Once confirmed as candidates, the President is elected by absolute majority vote to serve a term of four years. After his election, the president appoints and supervises the Council of Ministers, coordinates government decisions and policies of selected government to be exposed to Parliament. Eight vice presidents serve under the president and a cabinet of 21 ministers, which must be accepted by Parliament.The Iranian parliament is unicameral, the Islamic Consultative Assembly or Machlas-e Shura-ye Eslami “, comprises 290 members, elected for four years. They are elected by direct secret ballot. Sets the legislation, ratifies international treaties, and approves the budget of the country. All legislation of the assembly must be confirmed by the Council of Guardians. establishes a constitutional prerogative five seats for the religions of the Book and other minorities, so that among Christians, Jews and Zoroastrians are divided those seats, which given a weight well above represent just 2 . The Sunnis do not fall in that distribution. Machlas Candidates require the approval of the Council of Guardians. The Assembly of Experts, which has weekly sessions, is composed of 86 clerics “virtuous and learned” chosen by the public for a period of eight years.Likewise in presidential and parliamentary elections, the Council of Guardians determines eligibility for candidacy in this assembly. Members of the Assembly of Experts also elect the Supreme Leader within their own members and periodically reconfirm him. Never has been known that the assembly will challenge a decision of the Leader. Twelve members form the Guardian Council, six of whom are clerics appointed by the Leader. The head of the judiciary recommends the remaining six have to be lawyers specializing in Islamic law that are officially appointed by Parliament. The Guardian Council is vested with the authority to interpret the constitution and determine whether laws passed by Parliament are in line with the Sharia (Islamic Law). Therefore Council can exercise veto power over Parliament. If a law passed by Parliament is deemed incompatible with the Constitution with Sharia, referred back to Parliament for review.The Council also discussed the presidential candidates, legislators and the Assembly of Experts, to confirm that you are eligible to nominate a candidate. Created by Ayatollah Khomeini in 1988, the Expediency Council has the authority to mediate disputes between parliament and the Board of Guardians. Currently, according to the constitution, the Expediency Council serves as an advisory body to the Supreme Leader, making him one of the bodies of more far-reaching government of the country, at least in name.
