The Greeks
In accordance with Bertoche (2007), in the colonies Greeks, the men had contact with travellers of some parts of the world, allowing that the Greeks had contact with the mathematics, astronomy, geometry. Some of these Greeks had started to investigate phisis, that is, the nature, in the direction of the totality of the physical things. For Cotrim (1997), the first thinkers had appeared in the city of Mileto, situated in the Jnia, the coast occidental person of Lesser Asia. The objective of the Jnicos was to construct a cosmology, that is, to explain of rational and systematic form the characteristics of the universe (the cosmos), substituting the cosmogonia (old explanations based in myths). With this, the first philosophers wanted to discover, on the basis of the reason, ' ' substance-prima' ' of that the things are made all, that is, the existing substantial principle in all the material beings, called principle of arch.
In accordance with Chtelet (1981), in the period daily pay-Socrtico, the three main thinkers had been Tales, Anaximandro and Anaximenes. TALES OF MILETO? ' ' Everything is gua' ' Tales de Mileto (623-546 a.C), was perhaps the first philosopher to raise it questions on the structure and the nature of the cosmos as a whole, as Kenny cites (1998). Tales wanted to discover one physical element that was constant in all the things, the unifying principle of all the beings. As Chtelet cites (1981), Tales was the first one to imagine a reality sensible, the water, as the substratum and the generating force of all the things. The justification of this vision, certainly, was given by the instinctive comment on the paper of the water in the life of the plants, the animals and the civilizations. Cotrim (1995) adds that, probably, it had inspiration in Egyptian conceptions. ' ' The water is life and life principle, all the things of it come and it comes back, of luck that everything is alive, everything is ' ' animado' ' e, in this direction, endowed with alma' '.
Tags: philosophy
